Urtica dioica is a vigorous perennial herb, 0.5-2 m tall, known for stinging hairs. It thrives in moist, nitrogen-rich soils in sun to partial shade. Edible when cooked;
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Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade.
Watering
Keep soil consistently moist.
Soil
Rich, moist, nitrogen-rich, well-drained loamy soil.
Temperature
Tolerates a wide range, ideal 10-25 °C.
Habitat
Outdoor
Fertilizer
Benefits from rich, nitrogenous soil; minimal additional fertilizer needed.
Full sun to partial shade.
Keep soil consistently moist.
Rich, moist, nitrogen-rich, well-drained loamy soil.
Tolerates a wide range, ideal 10-25 °C.
Outdoor
Benefits from rich, nitrogenous soil; minimal additional fertilizer needed.
Plant Type
Herb
Plant Category
Medicinal, Vegetable, Foliage
Plant Place Type
Ground, Garden
Plant Environment
Outdoor
Lifespan
Perennials
Plant Height
0.5-2 m
Spread
0.5-1 m
Growth Rate
Fast
Dormancy
Winter dormancy
Leaf Color
Dark green
Leaf Type
Ovate to lanceolate, serrated
Flower Size
1-3 mm
Optimal Sunlight Lux
35000
Weed Status
Yes
Toxic for humans
Yes
Rating: 2/5
Toxic for pets
Yes
Rating: 5/5
Edible
Yes
Raw plant causes stinging sensation and skin irritation due to trichomes containing histamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin. Ingesting raw plant can cause oral irritation. Toxic to pets, causing gastrointestinal upset.
